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  • 網站首頁 > 物聯資訊 > 技術分享

    wifi詳解(三)

    2016-09-28 00:00:00 廣州睿豐德信息科技有限公司 閱讀
    睿豐德科技 專注RFID識別技術和條碼識別技術與管理軟件的集成項目。質量追溯系統、MES系統、金蝶與條碼系統對接、用友與條碼系統對接

    1        WLAN驅動結構介紹

    1.1      SDIO驅動

    在drivers/mmc下面是mmc卡,SD卡和SDIO卡驅動部分,其中包括host驅動,card驅動和core部分,由于網絡接口卡掛接在SDIO總線上,所以在此之前我們先看一下SDIO的驅動結構。其驅動在drivers/mmc目錄下的結構為:

     

    |-- mmc

    |   |-- card

    |   |-- core

    |   |-- host

     

    主要關注的目錄是core目錄,這個目錄是真個驅動的核心目錄,是媒體卡的通用代碼部分,包括core.c,host.c和sdio.c等。CORE 層完成了不同協議和規范的實現,并為HOST 層的驅動提供了接口函數,該目錄完成sdio總線的注冊操作,相應的ops操作,以及支持mmc的代碼。詳細的情況將在函數接口部分詳細討論。

    Host目錄是不同平臺根據平臺的特性而編寫的host驅動。

    1.2      Boardcom無線通訊芯片

    1.2.1       概述

    全球有線和無線通信半導體市場的領導者Broadcom(博通)公司(Nasdaq:BRCM)宣布,推出最新無線組合芯片BCM4330,該芯片可支持更多媒體形式和數據應用,且不會增大智能手機、平板電腦及其他移動設備的尺寸或縮短其電池壽命。BCM4330在單個芯片上集成了業界領先的Broadcom 802.11n Wi-Fi、藍牙和FM無線技術,與分立式半導體器件組成的解決方案相比,在成本、尺寸、功耗和性能上有顯著優勢,是移動設備的理想選擇。

    BCM4330采用了新的Wi-Fi和藍牙標準,可支持新的、令人振奮的應用。例如,Broadcom BCM4330是業界第一款經過藍牙4.0標準認證的組合芯片解決方案, 集成了藍牙低功耗(BLE)標準。該標準使藍牙技術能以超低功耗運行,因此BCM4330非常適用于需要很長電池壽命的系統,如無線傳感器、醫療和健身監控設備等。BCM4330還支持Wi-Fi Direct™和藍牙高速(HS)標準,因此采用BCM4330的移動設備能直接相互通信,而不必先連接到接入點、成為傳統網絡的一部分,從而為很多無線設備之間新的應用和使用模式創造了機會。

    Broadcom一直支持所有主流的操作系統(OS)平臺,如MicrosoftWindows和Windows Phone、Google Chrome、Android等等,而且不僅是BCM4330,所有藍牙、WLAN和GPS芯片組都提供這樣的支持。

    1.2.2       源碼

    Bcm4330驅動源碼一般被廠商單獨提供,如果要在開發的LINUX系統中(當然它還支持多種平臺)使用該源碼,可以添加到linux kernel源碼樹里,也可以單獨組織存放,可以直接編譯到kernel,也可以編譯成模塊,然后再系統啟動的流程中或其他適當的實際加載到kernel中,一般建議單獨組織并編譯成模塊在需要的時候加載如kernel。

    |-- src

    |   |-- bcmsdio

    |   |-- dhd

    |   |--dongle

    |   |--include

    |   |-- shared

    |   |-- wl

     

    這里主要內容到bcmsdio,dhd和wl三個目錄下,bcm4330驅動的入口在dhd/sys/dhd_linux.c文件中的dhd_module()函數,設備的初始化和相關驅動注冊都從這里開始,

    1.3      詳細接口及代碼分析

    1.3.1      WIFI驅動流程分析

        以boardcom bcm4329芯片驅動為例,相應的函數流程圖如下:       

                           

     

    1.3.2       WIFI設備注冊流程

     

    Platform_driver_register(wifi_device[_legacy])的調用將wifi_device[_legacy]驅動注冊到系統中,wifi_device_legacy是為了兼容老版本的驅動。

    Path: wl/sys/wl_android.c

    Static struct Platform_driver wifi_device ={

             .probe     =     wifi_probe

             .remove   =     wifi_remove

             .suspend  =     wifi_supend

             .resume   =     wifi_resume

             .driver     =     {

             .name      =     “bcmdhd_wlan”

    }

    }

     

    Static struct Platform_driver wifi_device_legacy ={

             .probe     =     wifi_probe

             .remove   =     wifi_remove

             .suspend  =     wifi_supend

             .resume   =     wifi_resume

             .driver     =     {

             .name      =     “bcm4329_wlan”

    }

    }

    上面的展示了wifi平臺設備驅動的注冊過程,那么在平臺相關的代碼區應該有wifi作為平臺設備被初始化和注冊的地方:

    Path: kernel/arch/arm/mach-msm/msm_

    static struct resource mahimahi_wifi_resources[] = {

            [0] = {

                    .name           = "bcm4329_wlan_irq",

                    .start          =MSM_GPIO_TO_INT(MAHIMAHI_GPIO_WIFI_IRQ),

                    .end            = MSM_GPIO_TO_INT(MAHIMAHI_GPIO_WIFI_IRQ),

                    .flags          = IORESOURCE_IRQ |IORESOURCE_IRQ_HIGHLEVEL | IORESOURCE_IRQ_SHAREABLE,

            },

    };

     

    static structwifi_platform_data mahimahi_wifi_control = {

            .set_power      = mahimahi_wifi_power,

            .set_reset      = mahimahi_wifi_reset,

            .set_carddetect = mahimahi_wifi_set_carddetect,

            .mem_prealloc   = mahimahi_wifi_mem_prealloc,

    };

     

    static struct platform_device mahimahi_wifi_device = {

            .name           = "bcm4329_wlan",

            .id             = 1,

            .num_resources  = ARRAY_SIZE(mahimahi_wifi_resources),

            .resource       = mahimahi_wifi_resources,

            .dev            = {

                   .platform_data = &mahimahi_wifi_control,

            },

    };

    上面是對wifi_device設備的初始化,下面是對該設備的注冊:

    static int __initmahimahi_wifi_init(void)

    {

            int ret;

     

            if (!machine_is_mahimahi())

                    return 0;

     

            printk("%s: start\n",__func__);

           mahimahi_wifi_update_nvs("sd_oobonly=1\r\n", 0);

           mahimahi_wifi_update_nvs("btc_params70=0x32\r\n", 1);

            mahimahi_init_wifi_mem();

            ret = platform_device_register(&mahimahi_wifi_device);

            return ret;

    }

     

    late_initcall(mahimahi_wifi_init);      //表明在系統啟動的后期會自動調用加載該模塊

    這樣,通過上面的初始化和注冊流程,wifi設備作為平臺設備和驅動就可以握手成功了,這里的平臺驅動只是對wifi設備的簡單管理,如對wifi設備的掛起和恢復等操作了。但是在wifi設備初始化之前是不能夠被掛起和恢復的,那么wifi設備是如何初始化的呢?

    Path: wl/sys/wl_android.c

    static int wifi_probe(structplatform_device *pdev)

    {

            struct wifi_platform_data *wifi_ctrl =

                    (structwifi_platform_data *)(pdev->dev.platform_data);

     

            DHD_ERROR(("## %s\n",__FUNCTION__));

            wifi_irqres = platform_get_resource_byname(pdev,IORESOURCE_IRQ, "bcmdhd_wlan_irq");

            if (wifi_irqres == NULL)

                    wifi_irqres =platform_get_resource_byname(pdev,

                            IORESOURCE_IRQ,"bcm4329_wlan_irq");

            wifi_control_data = wifi_ctrl;

     

            wifi_set_power(1,0);   /* Power On */

           wifi_set_carddetect(1); /* CardDetect (0->1) */

     

            up(&wifi_control_sem);

            return 0;

    }

    這是wifi平臺設備驅動注冊時成功匹配wifi設備后調用的函數wifi_probe(),它的主要工作就是從wifi設備中獲取終端資源,并獲取wifi_platform_data類型結構賦予wifi_control_data變量,這一步很重要,下面就可以看出了它的重要性。然后調用wifi_set_power和wifi_set_carddetect函數給wifi芯片上電并檢測。

    int wifi_set_power(int on, unsignedlong msec)

    {

            DHD_ERROR(("%s = %d\n",__FUNCTION__, on));

            if (wifi_control_data &&wifi_control_data->set_power) {

                    wifi_control_data->set_power(on);

            }

            if (msec)

                    msleep(msec);

            return 0;

    }

    Wifi_set_power函數中調用wifi_control_data->set_power(on),wifi_control_data就是剛才說的那個重要變量,注意它是從wifi_device平臺設備的wifi_platform_data獲取的,那么看看上面的wifi_device初始化的代碼:

    static struct platform_device mahimahi_wifi_device = {

            .name           = "bcm4329_wlan",

            .id             = 1,

            .num_resources  = ARRAY_SIZE(mahimahi_wifi_resources),

            .resource       = mahimahi_wifi_resources,

            .dev            = {

                    .platform_data =&mahimahi_wifi_control,

            },

    };

     

    static struct wifi_platform_datamahimahi_wifi_control= {

            .set_power      = mahimahi_wifi_power,

            .set_reset      = mahimahi_wifi_reset,

            .set_carddetect = mahimahi_wifi_set_carddetect,

            .mem_prealloc   = mahimahi_wifi_mem_prealloc,

    };

    所以它實際調用的是mahimahi_wifi_power函數,該函數的定義在kernel/arch/arm /mach-msm/board-mahimahi-mmc.c之中:

    int mahimahi_wifi_power(int on)

    {

           printk("%s: %d\n", __func__, on);

     

            if (on) {

                   config_gpio_table(wifi_on_gpio_table,

                                      ARRAY_SIZE(wifi_on_gpio_table));

                   mdelay(50);

            } else {

                   config_gpio_table(wifi_off_gpio_table,

                                     ARRAY_SIZE(wifi_off_gpio_table));

            }

     

            mdelay(100);

            gpio_set_value(MAHIMAHI_GPIO_WIFI_SHUTDOWN_N,on); /* WIFI_SHUTDOWN */

            mdelay(200);

     

           mahimahi_wifi_power_state = on;

            return 0;

    }

    調用gpio_set_value操作wifi芯片,給wifi芯片上電。那么來看看wifi_set_ carddetect函數究竟干了什么:

    Path:wl/sys/wl_android.c

    static int wifi_set_carddetect(int on)

    {

           DHD_ERROR(("%s = %d\n", __FUNCTION__, on));

            if(wifi_control_data && wifi_control_data->set_carddetect) {

                   wifi_control_data->set_carddetect(on);

            }

            return 0;

    }

    同樣會調用wifi_device的mahimahi_wifi_set_carddetect函數:

    Path:kernel/arch/arm/mach-msm/board-mahimahi-mmc.c

    int mahimahi_wifi_set_carddetect(int val)

    {

           pr_info("%s: %d\n", __func__, val);

           mahimahi_wifi_cd = val;

            if(wifi_status_cb) {

                    wifi_status_cb(val,wifi_status_cb_devid);

            } else

                   pr_warning("%s: Nobody to notify\n", __func__);

            return 0;

    }

    Wifi_status_cb代碼:

    static int mahimahi_wifi_status_register(

                            void (*callback)(intcard_present, void *dev_id),

                            void *dev_id)

    {

            if (wifi_status_cb)

                    return -EAGAIN;

            wifi_status_cb = callback;

            wifi_status_cb_devid = dev_id;

            return 0;

    }

     

    static unsigned intmahimahi_wifi_status(struct device *dev)

    {

            return mahimahi_wifi_cd;

    }

     

    static structmmc_platform_data mahimahi_wifi_data = {

            .ocr_mask               = MMC_VDD_28_29,

            .built_in               = 1,

            .status                 = mahimahi_wifi_status,

            .register_status_notify= mahimahi_wifi_status_register,

            .embedded_sdio          = &mahimahi_wifi_emb_data,

    };

    由上面代碼;不難看出會有個地方調用mahimahi_wifi_status_register設置wifi_status_cb這個回調函數,可以跟蹤這個mahimahi_wifi_data結構體,來看看它被傳遞給了誰:

    int msm_add_sdcc(unsigned intcontroller, struct mmc_platform_data *plat,

                     unsigned int stat_irq,unsigned long stat_irq_flags);

     

    int __initmahimahi_init_mmc(unsigned int sys_rev, unsigned debug_uart)

    {

            ……

     

            msm_add_sdcc(1, &mahimahi_wifi_data, 0, 0);

     

           ……

            if (system_rev > 0)

                    msm_add_sdcc(2,&mahimahi_sdslot_data, 0, 0);

            else {

                    mahimahi_sdslot_data.status =mahimahi_sdslot_status_rev0;

                   mahimahi_sdslot_data.register_status_notify = NULL;

                   set_irq_wake(MSM_GPIO_TO_INT(MAHIMAHI_GPIO_SDMC_CD_REV0_N), 1);

                    msm_add_sdcc(2, &mahimahi_sdslot_data,

             ……

    }

    可以跟蹤到這里Path:kernel/arch/arm/mach-msm/devices-msm7x30.c

    struct platform_device msm_device_sdc1 = {

            .name           = "msm_sdcc",

            .id             = 1,

            .num_resources  = ARRAY_SIZE(resources_sdc1),

            .resource       = resources_sdc1,

            .dev            = {

                   .coherent_dma_mask      =0xffffffff,

            },

    };

     

    struct platform_device msm_device_sdc2 = {

            .name           = "msm_sdcc",

            .id             = 2,

            .num_resources  = ARRAY_SIZE(resources_sdc2),

            .resource       = resources_sdc2,

            .dev            = {

                   .coherent_dma_mask      =0xffffffff,

            },

    };

     

    struct platform_devicemsm_device_sdc3 = {

            .name           = "msm_sdcc",

            .id             = 3,

            .num_resources  = ARRAY_SIZE(resources_sdc3),

            .resource       = resources_sdc3,

            .dev            = {

                    .coherent_dma_mask      = 0xffffffff,

            },

    };

     

    struct platform_device msm_device_sdc4= {

            .name           = "msm_sdcc",

            .id             = 4,

            .num_resources  = ARRAY_SIZE(resources_sdc4),

            .resource       = resources_sdc4,

            .dev            = {

                                                                                                                             439,2-16      62%

                    .coherent_dma_mask      = 0xffffffff,

            },

    };

     

    static struct platform_device *msm_sdcc_devices[] __initdata = {

            &msm_device_sdc1,

            &msm_device_sdc2,

            &msm_device_sdc3,

            &msm_device_sdc4,

    };

     

    int __initmsm_add_sdcc(unsigned int controller, struct mmc_platform_data *plat,

                            unsigned int stat_irq,unsigned long stat_irq_flags)

    {

            ……

     

            pdev =msm_sdcc_devices[controller-1]; //因為傳過來的controller是1,所以下面注冊的是第一個平臺設備

            pdev->dev.platform_data= plat;  //被傳遞給平臺設備的platform_data

     

            res =platform_get_resource_byname(pdev, IORESOURCE_IRQ, "status_irq");

            if (!res)

                    return -EINVAL;

            else if (stat_irq) {

                    res->start = res->end =stat_irq;

                    res->flags &=~IORESOURCE_DISABLED;

                    res->flags |=stat_irq_flags;

            }

     

            return platform_device_register(pdev); //如上所述

    }

    那么這個平臺設備是什么呢,就是sd卡控制器,也就是前面說的host驅動所驅動的主機控制設備。

    Path: drivers/mmc/host/msm_sdcc.c

    static struct platform_drivermsmsdcc_driver = {

            .probe          = msmsdcc_probe,

            .suspend        = msmsdcc_suspend,

            .resume         = msmsdcc_resume,

            .driver         = {

                    .name   = "msm_sdcc",

            },

    };

     

    static int __initmsmsdcc_init(void)

    {

            return platform_driver_register(&msmsdcc_driver);

    }

    驅動成功匹配設備后,調用probe函數:

    static int

    msmsdcc_probe(structplatform_device *pdev)

    {

    ......

    if (stat_irqres &&!(stat_irqres->flags & IORESOURCE_DISABLED)) {

    ……

            } else if(plat->register_status_notify) {

                    plat->register_status_notify(msmsdcc_status_notify_cb,host);

            } else if (!plat->status)

    ......

    }

    msmsdcc_status_notify_cb調用msmsdcc_check_status函數:

    msmsdcc_status_notify_cb(intcard_present, void *dev_id)

    {

            struct msmsdcc_host *host = dev_id;

     

            printk(KERN_DEBUG "%s:card_present %d\n", mmc_hostname(host->mmc),

                   card_present);

            msmsdcc_check_status((unsigned long) host);

    }

    msmsdcc_check_status調用mmc_detect_change函數:

    static void

    msmsdcc_check_status(unsignedlong data)

    {

            ……

            if (status ^ host->oldstat) {

                    pr_info("%s: Slot statuschange detected (%d -> %d)\n",

                            mmc_hostname(host->mmc),host->oldstat, status);

                    if (status &&!host->plat->built_in)

                            mmc_detect_change(host->mmc, (5 * HZ) / 2);

                    else

                            mmc_detect_change(host->mmc, 0);

            }

     

            host->oldstat = status;

     

    out:

            if (host->timer.function)

                    mod_timer(&host->timer,jiffies + HZ);

    }

    可以看到mmc_detect_change被調用了,這個函數觸發了一個延時工作:

    void mmc_detect_change(structmmc_host *host, unsigned long delay)

    {

    ……

     

            mmc_schedule_delayed_work(&host->detect, delay);

    }

    這個時候它會在delay時間后,執行host->detect延時工作對應的函數,在host驅動注冊并匹配設備成功后執行的probe函數里,會調用mmc_alloc_host動態創建一個mmc_host:

    msmsdcc_probe(structplatform_device *pdev)

    {

    ......

    /*

             * Setup our host structure

             */

     

            mmc = mmc_alloc_host(sizeof(struct msmsdcc_host),&pdev->dev);

            if (!mmc) {

                    ret = -ENOMEM;

                    goto out;

            }

    ......

    }

    mmc_alloc_host初始化工作入口:

    struct mmc_host*mmc_alloc_host(int extra, struct device *dev)

    {

    ......

    INIT_DELAYED_WORK(&host->detect, mmc_rescan);

    ......

    }

    mmc_rescan是core.c中一個很重要的函數,它遵照 SDIO 卡協議的 SDIO 卡啟動過程,包括了非激活模式、卡識別模式和數據傳輸模式三種模式共九種狀態的轉換,你需要參照相關規范來理解。

    void mmc_rescan(structwork_struct *work)

    {

            struct mmc_host *host =

                    container_of(work, structmmc_host, detect.work);

    ......

            mmc_power_up(host);

            sdio_reset(host);

            mmc_go_idle(host);

     

           mmc_send_if_cond(host, host->ocr_avail);

     

            /*

             * First we search for SDIO...

             */

            err = mmc_send_io_op_cond(host, 0, &ocr);

            if (!err) {

                    if (mmc_attach_sdio(host, ocr))

                            mmc_power_off(host);

                    extend_wakelock = 1;

                    goto out;

            }

    ......

    }

    這個mmc_attach_sdio函數很重要,它是SDIO卡的初始化的起點,主要工作包括:匹配SDIO卡的工作電壓,分配并初始化mmc_card結構,然后注冊mmc_card到系統中:

    /*

     * Starting point for SDIO card init.

     */

    int mmc_attach_sdio(structmmc_host *host, u32 ocr)

    {

            ……

     

            mmc_attach_bus(host,&mmc_sdio_ops);  //初始化host的bus_ops

     

           ……

     

            host->ocr = mmc_select_voltage(host, ocr); //匹配SDIO卡工作電壓

     

            ……

     

            /*

             * Detect and init the card.

             */

            err = mmc_sdio_init_card(host, host->ocr, NULL, 0);//檢測,分配初始化mmc_card

            if (err)

                    goto err;

            card = host->card;

    /*

             * If needed, disconnect card detectionpull-up resistor.

             */

            err = sdio_disable_cd(card);

            if (err)

                    goto remove;

     

            /*

             * Initialize (but don't add) all present functions.

             */

            for (i = 0; i < funcs; i++, card->sdio_funcs++) {

    #ifdef CONFIG_MMC_EMBEDDED_SDIO

                    if(host->embedded_sdio_data.funcs) {

                           struct sdio_func *tmp;

     

                            tmp = sdio_alloc_func(host->card);

                            if(IS_ERR(tmp))

                                   goto remove;

                           tmp->num = (i + 1);

                           card->sdio_func[i] = tmp;

                           tmp->class = host->embedded_sdio_data.funcs[i].f_class;

                           tmp->max_blksize = host->embedded_sdio_data.funcs[i].f_maxblksize;

                           tmp->vendor = card->cis.vendor;

                           tmp->device = card->cis.device;

                    } else {

    #endif

                            err =sdio_init_func(host->card, i + 1);

                            if (err)

                                    goto remove;

    #ifdefCONFIG_MMC_EMBEDDED_SDIO

                    }

    #endif

            }

     

            mmc_release_host(host);

     

            /*

             * First add the card to the drivermodel...

             */

            err = mmc_add_card(host->card);     //添加mmc_card

            if (err)

                    goto remove_added;

     

            /*

             * ...then the SDIO functions.

             */

            for (i = 0;i < funcs;i++) {

                    err =sdio_add_func(host->card->sdio_func[i]);              //將sdio_func加入系統

                    if (err)

                           goto remove_added;

            }

     

            return 0;

    ......

    }

    這樣,SDIO卡已經初始化成功并添加到了驅動中。上面說的過程是在SDIO設備注冊時的調用流程,mmc_rescan是整個流程主體部分,由它來完成SDIO設備的初始化和添加。其實上面的流程只是創建,初始化,添加SDIO設備的一條線,還有另外的兩條線也會調用mmc_rescan函數進行SDIO設備的上述操作:

    (1)    加載SDIO host驅動模塊

    (2)    SDIO設備中斷

    1.3.2.1        加載SDIO host驅動模塊

    Host作為平臺設備被注冊,前面也有列出相應源碼:

    static struct platform_drivermsmsdcc_driver = {

            .probe          = msmsdcc_probe,

            .suspend        = msmsdcc_suspend,

            .resume         = msmsdcc_resume,

            .driver         = {

                    .name   = "msm_sdcc",

            },

    };

     

    static int __initmsmsdcc_init(void)

    {

            returnplatform_driver_register(&msmsdcc_driver);

    }

     

    Probe函數會調用mmc_alloc_host函數(代碼前面已經貼出)來創建mmc_host結構變量,進行必要的初始化之后,調用mmc_add_host函數將它添加到驅動里面:

    int mmc_add_host(structmmc_host *host)

    {

            ……

     

            err =device_add(&host->class_dev);

            if (err)

                    return err;

            mmc_start_host(host);

            if (!(host->pm_flags &MMC_PM_IGNORE_PM_NOTIFY))

                    register_pm_notifier(&host->pm_notify);

     

            return 0;

    }

           Mmc_start_host定義如下:

    void mmc_start_host(structmmc_host *host)

    {

          mmc_power_off(host);

           mmc_detect_change(host, 0);

    }

    mmc_power_off中對 ios進行了設置,然后調用 mmc_set_ios(host);

    host->ios.power_mode = MMC_POWER_OFF;

           host->ios.bus_width = MMC_BUS_WIDTH_1;

           host->ios.timing =MMC_TIMING_LEGACY;

           mmc_set_ios(host);

    mmc_set_ios(host) 中的關鍵語句 host->ops->set_ios(host, ios),實際上在host驅動的probe函數中就已經對host->ops進行了初始化:

    ……

    /*

             * Setup MMC host structure

             */

            mmc->ops = &msmsdcc_ops;

    ……

     

    static const structmmc_host_ops msmsdcc_ops = {

            .request        = msmsdcc_request,

            .set_ios        =msmsdcc_set_ios,

            .enable_sdio_irq =msmsdcc_enable_sdio_irq,

    };

     

    所以實際上調用的是msmsdcc_set_ios,關于這個函數就不介紹了,可以參考源碼,再看 mmc_detect_change(host, 0),最后一句是:

          mmc_schedule_delayed_work(&host->detect,delay);

    實際上就是調用我們前面說的延時函數 mmc_rescan,后面的流程是一樣的。

    1.3.2.2        SDIO設備中斷

    SDIO設備通過SDIO總線與host相連,SDIO總線的DAT[1]即pin8可以作為中斷線使用,當SDIO設備向host產生中斷時,host會對終端做出相應的動作,在host驅動的probe函數中申請并注冊相應的中斷函數:

    static int

    msmsdcc_probe(structplatform_device *pdev)

    {

    ......

      cmd_irqres = platform_get_resource_byname(pdev, IORESOURCE_IRQ,

                                                     "cmd_irq");

            pio_irqres =platform_get_resource_byname(pdev, IORESOURCE_IRQ,

                                                     "pio_irq");

            stat_irqres =platform_get_resource_byname(pdev, IORESOURCE_IRQ,

                                                      "status_irq");

    ......

      if (stat_irqres && !(stat_irqres->flags &IORESOURCE_DISABLED)) {

                    unsigned long irqflags =IRQF_SHARED |

                            (stat_irqres->flags& IRQF_TRIGGER_MASK);

     

                    host->stat_irq = stat_irqres->start;

                    ret = request_irq(host->stat_irq,

                                      msmsdcc_platform_status_irq,

                                     irqflags,

                                     DRIVER_NAME " (slot)",

                                     host);

                    if (ret) {

                            pr_err("%s: Unableto get slot IRQ %d (%d)\n",

                                  mmc_hostname(mmc), host->stat_irq, ret);

                            goto clk_disable;

                    }

            }

    ......

    }

    當產生相應的中斷時調用msmsdcc_platform_status_irq中斷處理函數,這個函數的處理流程:

    msmsdcc_platform_status_irq—>

    msmsdcc_check_statusà

    mmc_detect_changeà

    mmc_rescanà

    那么,這里為何調用mmc_rescan呢?因為前面說過mmc_rescanrescan函數主要用于SDIO設備的初始化,如果SDIO設備產生中斷不應該是已經初始化可以使用了嗎?其實mmc_rescan還有其它的工作,從函數名就能看出來它還有再掃描檢測功能,即如果設備產生了中斷,mmc_rescan函數一開始就會再次檢測所有掛接在該host上的所有SDIO設備,確認是否存在,如果不存在就做相應的釋放工作,以確保數據的一致性。如果檢測到了新的設備那么它就會創建一個新的mmc_card,初始化并添加該設備。

    中斷引發的調用mmc_rescan動作的意義:實現了SDIO設備的熱插拔功能。

    1.3.3       WIFI驅動流程(二)

     

      此調用流程由dhd_bus_register發起,通過sdio_register_driver注冊一個sdio設備驅動,然后通過dhdsdio_probe初始化并注冊一個網絡設備,網絡設備的注冊標志著wifi驅動已經成功加載,關于網絡設備的創建,初始化和注冊后面會有詳細介紹,先來理一下上面的調用流程,:

     

    dhd_mudule_init—>             //path:dhd/sys/dhd_linux.c

    Dhd_bus_registerà        // dhd/sys/dhd_sdio.c

    Bcmsdh_registerà         // bcmsdio/sys/bcmsdh_linux.c

    Sdio_function_inità              // bcmsdio/sys/bcmsdh_sdmmc_linux.c

    Sdio_register_driverà  // bcmsdio/sys/bcmsdh_sdmmc_linux.c

    Bcmsdh_sdmmc_probeà//bcmsdio/sys/bcmsdh_sdmmc_linux.c

    Bcmsdh_probeà//bcmsdio/sys/bcmsdh_linux.c

    Bcmsdio_probeà //dhd/sys/dhd_sdio.c

    這里注意上面兩個紅色標記的函數,sdio_register_driver注冊了一個sdio設備,在匹配成功后調用bcmsdh_sdmmc_probe函數,這個函數會調用bcmsdh_probe。這里有一點要注意:瀏覽bcmsdh_linux.c文件可以看出,在bcmsdh_register函數中,當定義了BCMLXSDMMC宏時,會調用sdio_function_init函數,否則調用driver_register函數:

    int

    bcmsdh_register(bcmsdh_driver_t*driver)

    {

            int error = 0;

     

            drvinfo = *driver; //注意這里,后面會介紹到它的用處

     

    #if defined(BCMPLATFORM_BUS)

    #if defined(BCMLXSDMMC)

           SDLX_MSG(("Linux Kernel SDIO/MMC Driver\n"));

            error =sdio_function_init();

    #else

           SDLX_MSG(("Intel PXA270 SDIO Driver\n"));

            error =driver_register(&bcmsdh_driver);

    #endif /* defined(BCMLXSDMMC) */

            return error;

    #endif /*defined(BCMPLATFORM_BUS) */

     

    #if !defined(BCMPLATFORM_BUS)&& !defined(BCMLXSDMMC)

    #if (LINUX_VERSION_CODE <KERNEL_VERSION(2, 6, 0))

            if (!(error =pci_module_init(&bcmsdh_pci_driver)))

                    return 0;

    #else

            if (!(error =pci_register_driver(&bcmsdh_pci_driver)))

                    return 0;

    #endif

     

            SDLX_MSG(("%s: pci_module_initfailed 0x%x\n", __FUNCTION__, error));

    #endif /* BCMPLATFORM_BUS */

     

            return error;

    }

    上面的流程中有sdio_function_init的調用出現,所以這里實際上BCMLXSDMMC宏被定義了,bcmsdh_probe函數只是作為一個普通函數被調用,如果不定義該宏,那么bcmsdh_probe函數會被作為驅動匹配設備后第一個調用的函數而被自動調用。

    再看看dhdsdio_probe函數調用的玄機,從上面的bcmsdh_register函數可以看出它的參數被傳遞給了drvinfo,看看bcmsdh_register的調用地方:

    static bcmsdh_driver_t dhd_sdio = {

            dhdsdio_probe,

            dhdsdio_disconnect

    };

     

    int

    dhd_bus_register(void)

    {

            DHD_TRACE(("%s: Enter\n",__FUNCTION__));

     

            return bcmsdh_register(&dhd_sdio);

    }

    上面傳遞的參數是dhd_sdio結構變量,被用兩個函數初始化了,那么哪一個是attach呢?需要找到定義bcmsdh_driver_t結構定義的地方:

    Path:src/include/bcmsdh.h

    /* callback functions */

    typedef struct {

            /* attach to device */

            void *(*attach)(uint16 vend_id, uint16 dev_id, uint16 bus,uint16 slot,

                           uint16 func, uint bustype, void * regsva, osl_t * osh,

                           void * param);

            /* detach from device */

            void (*detach)(void *ch);

    } bcmsdh_driver_t;

    沒錯,就是第一個dhdsdio_probe函數,再來看看什么地方調用了這個attach函數:

    Path:bcmsdio/sys/bcmsdh_linux.c

     

    #ifndef BCMLXSDMMC

    static

    #endif /* BCMLXSDMMC */

    int bcmsdh_probe(struct device*dev)

    {

    ......

    if (!(sdhc->ch = drvinfo.attach((vendevid>> 16),

                                            (vendevid & 0xFFFF), 0, 0, 0, 0,

                                            (void*)regs, NULL, sdh))) {

                    SDLX_MSG(("%s: device attachfailed\n", __FUNCTION__));

                    goto err;

            }

     

            return 0;

    ......

    }

    紅色部分的函數調用是drvinfo.attach,就是上面傳遞過來的dhdsdio_probe函數了,仔細閱讀你會發現上面那個bcmsdh_driver_t結構體定義的地方有個說明,即把該結構的成員函數當做callback函數來使用,這就是它的用意所在。

    1.3.4       網絡設備注冊流程

     

    上面是網絡設備注冊流程,在dhdsdio_probe函數中先后對dhd_attach和dhd_net_attach兩個函數調用,dhd_attach主要用于創建和初始化dhd_info_t和net_device兩個結構變量,然后調用dhd_add_if將創建的net_device變量添加到dhd_info_t變量的iflist列表中(支持多接口)。

    Dhd_attach的流程如下:

    dhd_pub_t *

    dhd_attach(osl_t *osh, structdhd_bus *bus, uint bus_hdrlen)

    {

            dhd_info_t *dhd = NULL;

            struct net_device *net = NULL;

     

    ......

            /* Allocate etherdev, including spacefor private structure */

            if (!(net = alloc_etherdev(sizeof(dhd)))) {   //網絡設備的創建

                    DHD_ERROR(("%s: OOM -alloc_etherdev\n", __FUNCTION__));

                    goto fail;

            }

            dhd_state |=DHD_ATTACH_STATE_NET_ALLOC;

     

     

            /* Allocate primary dhd_info */

            if (!(dhd = MALLOC(osh, sizeof(dhd_info_t)))) { //dhd的創建

                    DHD_ERROR(("%s: OOM -alloc dhd_info\n", __FUNCTION__));

                    goto fail;

            }

    ......

    /* Set network interface name if it was provided as moduleparameter */

            if (iface_name[0]) {

                    int len;

                    char ch;

                    strncpy(net->name,iface_name, IFNAMSIZ);

                    net->name[IFNAMSIZ - 1] = 0;

                    len = strlen(net->name);

                    ch = net->name[len - 1];

                    if ((ch > '9' || ch <'0') && (len < IFNAMSIZ - 2))

                            strcat(net->name,"%d");

            }

     

            if (dhd_add_if(dhd, 0, (void *)net, net->name, NULL, 0, 0)== DHD_BAD_IF)   //將前面創建的net添加到iflist列表中

                    goto fail;

            dhd_state |= DHD_ATTACH_STATE_ADD_IF;

    ......

    Memcpy(netdev_priv(net), &dhd, sizeof(dhd)); //關聯dhd和net

     

    //dhd的初始化工作

    }

    Dhd_add_if的添加網絡接口流程:

    int

    dhd_add_if(dhd_info_t *dhd, int ifidx, void *handle, char *name,

            uint8 *mac_addr,uint32 flags, uint8 bssidx)

    {

            dhd_if_t *ifp;

     

            DHD_TRACE(("%s: idx %d,handle->%p\n", __FUNCTION__, ifidx, handle));

     

            ASSERT(dhd && (ifidx <DHD_MAX_IFS));

     

            ifp =dhd->iflist[ifidx];

            if (ifp != NULL) {

                    if (ifp->net != NULL) {

                           netif_stop_queue(ifp->net);

                           unregister_netdev(ifp->net);

                            free_netdev(ifp->net);   //如果已經存在,釋放net成員

                    }

            } else

                    if ((ifp = MALLOC(dhd->pub.osh,sizeof(dhd_if_t))) == NULL) {

                           DHD_ERROR(("%s: OOM - dhd_if_t\n", __FUNCTION__));      //否則,創建一個dhd_if_t結構變量

                            return -ENOMEM;

                    }

     

            memset(ifp, 0, sizeof(dhd_if_t));

            ifp->info = dhd;      //進行系列初始化,添加工作

           dhd->iflist[ifidx] = ifp;

           strncpy(ifp->name, name, IFNAMSIZ);

            ifp->name[IFNAMSIZ] = '\0';

            if (mac_addr != NULL)

                    memcpy(&ifp->mac_addr, mac_addr,ETHER_ADDR_LEN);

     

            if (handle == NULL) {

                    ifp->state = DHD_IF_ADD;

                    ifp->idx = ifidx;

                    ifp->bssidx = bssidx;

                   ASSERT(&dhd->thr_sysioc_ctl.thr_pid >= 0);

                   up(&dhd->thr_sysioc_ctl.sema);

            } else

                    ifp->net = (struct net_device *)handle;             //handle即一個net_device變量

     

            return 0;

    }

    這樣,一個net_device網路設備就被添加到了接口管理列表中了,但是這是網路設備還沒有完成初始化和注冊工作,bcmsdio_probe函數隨后對dhd_net_attach的調用完成了這個操作:

    int

    dhd_net_attach(dhd_pub_t*dhdp, int ifidx)

    {

            dhd_info_t *dhd = (dhd_info_t*)dhdp->info;

            struct net_device *net = NULL;

            int err = 0;

            uint8 temp_addr[ETHER_ADDR_LEN] = {0x00, 0x90, 0x4c, 0x11, 0x22, 0x33 };

     

            DHD_TRACE(("%s: ifidx %d\n",__FUNCTION__, ifidx));

     

            ASSERT(dhd &&dhd->iflist[ifidx]);

     

            net = dhd->iflist[ifidx]->net;              //首先從剛才添加的接口列表中取出net,然后進行下面的系列初始化工作

            ASSERT(net);

    //根據內核版本信息,選擇對net成員函數的初始化方式,假設是2.6.30的版本

    #if (LINUX_VERSION_CODE <KERNEL_VERSION(2, 6, 31))

            ASSERT(!net->open);

            net->get_stats = dhd_get_stats;

            net->do_ioctl =dhd_ioctl_entry;

           net->hard_start_xmit = dhd_start_xmit;

           net->set_mac_address = dhd_set_mac_address;

           net->set_multicast_list = dhd_set_multicast_list;

            net->open =net->stop = NULL;

    #else

            ASSERT(!net->netdev_ops);

            net->netdev_ops = &dhd_ops_virt;

    #endif

     

            /* Ok, link into the network layer...*/

            if (ifidx == 0) {

                    /*

                     * device functions for theprimary interface only

                     */

    #if (LINUX_VERSION_CODE <KERNEL_VERSION(2, 6, 31))

                    net->open = dhd_open;

                   net->stop = dhd_stop;

    #else

                    net->netdev_ops = &dhd_ops_pri;

    #endif

            } else {

                    /*

                     * We have to use the primaryMAC for virtual interfaces

                                                                                                                              3417,1-8      66%

                     */

                    memcpy(temp_addr,dhd->iflist[ifidx]->mac_addr, ETHER_ADDR_LEN);

                    /*

                     * Android sets the locallyadministered bit to indicate that this is a

                     * portable hotspot.  This will not work in simultaneous AP/STAmode,

                     * nor with P2P.  Need to set the Donlge's MAC address, andthen use that.

                     */

                    if(!memcmp(temp_addr, dhd->iflist[0]->mac_addr,

                            ETHER_ADDR_LEN)) {

                            DHD_ERROR(("%sinterface [%s]: set locally administered bit in MAC\n",

                            __func__,net->name));

                            temp_addr[0] |= 0x02;

                    }

            }

     

           net->hard_header_len = ETH_HLEN + dhd->pub.hdrlen;

    #if LINUX_VERSION_CODE >=KERNEL_VERSION(2, 6, 24)

            net->ethtool_ops = &dhd_ethtool_ops;

    #endif /* LINUX_VERSION_CODE>= KERNEL_VERSION(2, 6, 24) */

     

    #ifdefined(CONFIG_WIRELESS_EXT)

    #if WIRELESS_EXT < 19

            net->get_wireless_stats = dhd_get_wireless_stats;

    #endif /* WIRELESS_EXT < 19*/

    #if WIRELESS_EXT > 12

            net->wireless_handlers = (struct iw_handler_def*)&wl_iw_handler_def;   //這里的初始化工作很重要,之后的ioctl流程會涉及到對它的使用

    #endif /* WIRELESS_EXT > 12*/

    #endif /*defined(CONFIG_WIRELESS_EXT) */

     

            dhd->pub.rxsz =DBUS_RX_BUFFER_SIZE_DHD(net);

                    //設置設備地址

            memcpy(net->dev_addr, temp_addr, ETHER_ADDR_LEN);

     

            if ((err =register_netdev(net)) != 0) {       //注冊net

                    DHD_ERROR(("couldn'tregister the net device, err %d\n", err));

                    goto fail;

            }

           

     

    ……

    }

    到這里net網絡設備就被注冊到系統中了,設備準備好了就好對設備進行訪問了

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