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  • 網站首頁 > 物聯資訊 > 技術分享

    wpa_supplicant無線網絡配置

    2016-09-28 00:00:00 廣州睿豐德信息科技有限公司 閱讀
    睿豐德科技 專注RFID識別技術和條碼識別技術與管理軟件的集成項目。質量追溯系統、MES系統、金蝶與條碼系統對接、用友與條碼系統對接

    目前可以使用wireless-tools 或wpa_supplicant工具來配置無線網絡。請記住重要的一點是,對無線網絡的配置是全局性的,而非針對具體的接口。

     

       wpa_supplicant是一個較好的選擇,但缺點是它不支持所有的驅動。請瀏覽wpa_supplicant網站獲得它所支持的驅動列表。另外,wpa_supplicant目前只能連接到那些你已經配置好ESSID的無線網絡。wireless-tools支持幾乎所有的無線網卡和驅動,但它不能連接到那些只支持WPA的AP。

        經過編譯后的wpa_supplicant源程序可以看到兩個主要的可執行工具:wpa_supplicant和wpa_cli。wpa_supplicant是核心程序,它和wpa_cli的關系就是服務和客戶端的關系:后臺運行wpa_supplicant,使用wpa_cli來搜索、設置、和連接網絡。

           如何用wpa_supplicant使能一個wifi連接?

    Step by step:

    1、運行wpa_supplicant程序;

     

    執行:/system/bin/wpa_supplicant -d -Dwext -iwlan0 -c/data/misc/wifi/wpa_supplicant.conf

    其中:

    -d :增加調試信息

    -Dwext :wext,驅動名稱

    -iwlan0 :wlan0,網絡接口名稱

    /system/bin/wpa_supplicant :wpa_supplicant可執行程序path

    /data/misc/wifi/wpa_supplicant.conf :wpa_supplicant的配置文件path

    2、運行命令行工具wpa_cli ;

    執行 :wpa_cli -iwlan0 -p/data/system/wpa_supplicant

    注,-p/data/system/wpa_supplicant中的wpa_supplicant并不是可執行程序,而是個控制套接字。

    此時會進入交互模式。其中交互模式的命令如下表:

     

     

    Full command

    Short command

    Description

    status

    stat

    displays the current connection status

    disconnect

    disc

    prevents wpa_supplicant from connecting to any access point

    quit

    q

    exits wpa_cli

    terminate

    term

    kills wpa_supplicant

    reconfigure

    recon

    reloads wpa_supplicant with the configuration file supplied (-c parameter)

    scan

    scan

    scans for available access points (only scans it, doesn't display anything)

    scan_result

    scan_r

    displays the results of the last scan

    list_networks

    list_n

    displays a list of configured networks and their status (active or not, enabled or disabled)

    select_network

    select_n

    select a network among those defined to initiate a connection (ie select_network 0)

    enable_network

    enable_n

    makes a configured network available for selection (ie enable_network 0)

    disable_network

    disable_n

    makes a configured network unavailable for selection (ie disable_network 0)

    remove_network

    remove_n

    removes a network and its configuration from the list (ie remove_network 0)

    add_network

    add_n

    adds a new network to the list. Its id will be created automatically

    set_network

    set_n

    shows a very short list of available options to configure a network when supplied with no parameters.

    See next section for a list of extremely useful parameters to be used with set_network and get_network.

    get_network

    get_n

    displays the required parameter for the specified network. See next section for a list of parameters

    save_config

    save_c

    saves the configuration

     

     

    設置網絡的基本格式:set_network <network id> <key> <parameter> [<parameter>]

    顯示網絡信息的基本格式:get_network <network id> <key>

    相應的參數如下表:

     

     

    Key

    Description

    Parameters

    ssid

    Access point name

    string

    id_str

    String identifying the network

    string

    priority

    Connection priority over other APs

    number (0 being the default low priority)

    bssid

    Mac address of the access point

    mac address

    scan_ssid

    Enable/disbale ssid scan

    0, 1, 2

    key_mgmt

    Type of key management

    WPA-PSK, WPA_EAP, None

    pairwise

    Pairwise ciphers for WPA

    CCMP, TKIP

    group=TKIP

    Group ciphers for WPA

    CCMP, TKIP, WEP104, WEP40

    psk

    Pre-Shared Key (clear or encrypted)

    string

    wep_key0

    WEP key (up to 4: wep_key[0123])

    string

    eap

    Extensible Authentication Protocol

    MD5, MSCHAPV2, OTP, GTC, TLS, PEAP, TTLS

    identity

    EAP identity string

    string

    password

    EAP password

    string

    ca_cert

    Pathname to CA certificate file

    /full/path/to/certificate

    client_cert

    Pathname to client certificate

    /full/path/to/certificate (PEM/DER)

    private_key

    Pathname to a client private key file

    /full/path/to/private_key (PEM/DER/PFX)

     

     

    eg.1、連接無加密的AP

    >add_network  (It will display a network id for you, assume it returns 0)

    >set_network 0 ssid "666"

    >set_network 0 key_mgmt NONE

    >enable_network 0

    >quit

    eg.2、連接WEP加密AP

    >add_network   (assume return 1)

    >set_network 1 ssid "666"

    >set_network 1 key_mgmt NONE

    >set_network 1 wep_key0 "your ap password"

    >enable_network 1

    eg.3、連接WPA-PSK/WPA2-PSK加密的AP

    >add_network   (assume return 2)

    >set_network 2 ssid "666"

    >set_network 2 psk "your pre-shared key"

    >enable_network 2

    到此,wifi模塊就能連接上AP了。

    3、以上是通過命令行工具wpa_cli來實現wifi網絡的連接。當然,也可以通過wpa_supplicant的配置文件來實現連接。

    再回顧下運行wpa_supplicant時執行的命令:

    /system/bin/wpa_supplicant -d -Dwext -iwlan0 -c/data/misc/wifi/wpa_supplicant.conf

    我們在執行時加上了-c/data/misc/wifi/wpa_supplicant.conf,我們可以將我們要連接的AP的設置以一定的格式寫入wpa_supplicant.conf配置文件中即可。

    eg. 

    ctrl_interface=DIR=/data/system/wpa_supplicant GROUP=system update_config=1

    network={

    ssid="my access point"

    proto=WPA

    key_mgmt=WPA-PSK

    psk="you pass words"

    }

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